Anti-Nazi Resistance: the Communist Party

Communists were the Nazis’ first victims, ruthlessly repressed. Members of the Communist Party who escaped the initial wave of arrests immediately established an illegal underground organization to carry on their political struggle against Hitler. Commanded by senior party officials from exile in the Soviet Union, an effective courier system kept each local Communist group in communication with the leadership. Communist Parties outside Germany collected money from their members to pay the expenses of their German comrades, particularly the costs of couriers.